Earache is a common complaint in the UK, but not every earache signals an infection. In fact, acute ear infections account for over half a million primary care visits annually in England. While many cases resolve on their own, persistent or severe ear pain can point to more serious conditions. Understanding the difference between mere irritation and infection, knowing the usual causes, and recognising warning signs can help you decide when to seek help.
Earache in adults can arise from many sources, from wax build-up to sinus pressure, so it helps to know what to look for, how to get relief, and when to consult a professional.
What Are the Common Causes of Earache?
Earache can develop for many reasons, ranging from mild irritation to infections that need treatment.
Earwax build-up
When too much earwax collects, it can block the ear canal, leading to discomfort or temporary hearing loss. Earwax removal carried out safely by a pharmacist can usually solve this problem.
Ear infections
Bacterial or viral infections of the middle or outer ear are among the most common earache causes. These infections can occur after a cold, sinus infection, or even swimming in contaminated water.
Sinus pressure or jaw pain
Sometimes, earache isn’t actually caused by the ear itself. Blocked sinuses, tooth problems, or jaw issues such as temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dysfunction can cause referred ear pain.
Changes in air pressure
Flying or diving can lead to pressure changes in the ear, causing temporary pain or popping sensations, especially if you have a cold or congestion.
What Are the Typical Ear Infection Symptoms?
An ear infection can affect different parts of the ear and present with various signs and symptoms. Recognising these early can help you decide when to seek help.
Common symptoms include:
- Persistent earache or a feeling of pressure inside the ear
- Hearing loss or muffled hearing
- Fluid or pus-like discharge from the ear
- Itching or redness around the ear canal
- Fever, tiredness, or general unwellness
Ear infection symptoms can vary depending on whether the outer or middle ear is affected. Outer ear infections (otitis externa) often cause itching and swelling, while middle ear infections (otitis media) may lead to deeper, throbbing pain.
How Can You Relieve Ear Pain at Home?
Mild earache can often be managed with simple measures before seeking professional help.
Warm compress
Placing a warm (not hot) cloth against the affected ear can help ease discomfort and reduce pain.
Over-the-counter pain relief
Paracetamol or ibuprofen can provide effective ear pain relief, especially if swelling or fever is present. But keep in mind that you should always follow dosage instructions.
Keep the ear dry
Avoid swimming or inserting anything into the ear while it’s sore. Cotton buds or home removal tools can make things worse.
If pain persists for more than a couple of days or you develop discharge, it may be time to seek ear infection treatment from our pharmacists.
When Should You See a Pharmacist About Earache?
You should see a pharmacist if:
- The earache lasts longer than two to three days.
- There is fluid or pus leaking from the ear.
- Hearing suddenly gets worse or becomes muffled.
- You experience dizziness, nausea, or fever.
- The pain is severe or affects both ears.
Our pharmacists can assess your symptoms, suggest suitable ear pain relief, or recommend prescription treatment if an infection is present. In some cases, they may refer you for further investigation to rule out more serious problems.
How Is an Ear Infection Treated?
Ear infection treatment depends on the cause and severity of your symptoms.
Bacterial infections
These may need antibiotic ear drops or oral antibiotics prescribed after a pharmacist consultation.
Viral infections
Usually clear up on their own, but pain relief and rest can help manage symptoms.
Earwax blockage
Professional earwax removal using safe and trusted methods like microsuction may be advised for safe and effective results.
Fungal infections
Less common, but may require antifungal ear drops to clear the infection fully.
Protecting Your Ears for the Future
Taking care of your ears helps prevent recurring pain or infection. Avoid using cotton buds, wear ear protection around loud noise, and seek early advice if you notice hearing changes.
If you suffer from frequent earache as an adult, our pharmacists can provide personalised guidance on prevention, safe ear cleaning, and ear infection treatment options.
Book your appointment with our experts at Touchwood Pharmacy for safe and professional earache assessment and treatment.
FAQs
How can I tell if my earache is due to an ear infection or something else?
If your earache comes with symptoms such as discharge, hearing loss, or fever, it may indicate an ear infection. However, if the pain feels mild or linked to jaw movement, sinus pressure, or recent air travel, it could be caused by something other than infection. A quick consultation with our pharmacist can help identify the cause and find suitable treatment.
When should I see a pharmacist about an earache that won’t go away?
A mild earache from a cold or blocked earwax often improves within two to three days. If pain persists beyond that, worsens, or is accompanied by discharge or reduced hearing, you should speak to our pharmacist for assessment. Persistent symptoms can sometimes point to an infection that needs medical attention.
Can earache in adults be serious?
Yes, earache in adults can occasionally signal a more serious problem, such as a bacterial infection, eardrum damage, or sinus-related issues. Adults are less likely than children to get ear infections, so when ear pain does occur, it’s important to rule out underlying causes. Seek advice if the pain is severe, recurrent, or affects your hearing.
What is the best way to relieve ear pain at home?
You can manage mild ear pain with warm compresses, over-the-counter pain relief such as paracetamol or ibuprofen, and by keeping your ear dry. Avoid inserting objects like cotton buds, as they can make things worse. If the pain doesn’t improve after a few days, it’s best to have your ears examined by our pharmacist.
When do I need antibiotics for an ear infection?
Antibiotics are only needed when a bacterial ear infection is confirmed or strongly suspected. Many ear infections are viral and clear up on their own. Our pharmacist can examine your symptoms and advise whether antibiotic ear drops or tablets are appropriate for your condition.
Can an ear infection cause dizziness or balance problems?
Yes, infections in the inner ear can affect balance and cause dizziness or vertigo. This happens because the inner ear helps control your body’s sense of balance. If you experience spinning sensations, nausea, or unsteadiness along with an earache, you should seek professional advice as soon as possible.
